Trend · rank 196 of 250

Hydrocarbon revenue dependence

Energy substitution and a plateau in oil demand are reducing the long-term revenue prospects of exporting states, exposing budgets and currency pegs that rest on export rents and narrow tax bases.

Financial StrengthMoney & debtfossildebt financegeoeconomics

Second pass: Carried forward from the first pass, where it was Peak oil demand & petrostate exposure. Held by all three panel models.

Sensitivity and network position

Rank
196of 250
Sensitivity
9.2rank 125
Breadth
1of 20 scenarios High or above
PageRank
17.8rank 212
Eigenvector
1.2
Betweenness
5.6
Links
5trends at Moderate similarity or above
Composite
13.6

Attention over three years

How much this trend is read about on Wikipedia and searched for on Google, week by week, set against the typical trend in the list so that what moves every trend at once is taken out. 100 is this trend's own three-year average. The score measures public attention, which is not the same as the strength of the force: a trend can deepen unnoticed, and a news event can lift attention for a fortnight.

Now
163
Over a year
+33%Rising
Over three years
+197%
Peak
2748 Mar 2026
Sources
Bothagreement 0.82
Coverage
15languages · 52 nations

Trailing 4-week average. 100 is this trend’s three-year average.

By language

Wikipedia reading in each language edition where the trend’s pages are read enough to measure (15 of 28). Share is of all the readers counted.

LanguageShareNowOver a yearThree years
English60%107+10%
Russian7%102−1%
French6%123+24%
German6%101+4%
Chinese5%128+39%
Japanese4%94−4%
Spanish3%120+96%
Persian2%78−10%
Arabic2%133+46%
Polish2%113−13%
Portuguese1%143+61%
Italian1%123+22%
Korean1%135+59%
Indonesian0%189+80%
Ukrainian0%127−15%

By country

Google search interest over the three years, as a share of each country’s searching. 100 is the nation where interest is highest. The search terms are English, which favours countries that search in English.

South Korea

Singapore

United States

Netherlands

Canada

Nigeria

United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom

Ireland

Australia

Israel

Malaysia

100

88

47

44

33

33

31

27

26

25

24

22

The 12 highest of 52 nations with a reading.

By region and G20 member

Attention to this trend inside each place, from Google searches made in its countries and Wikipedia reading in the languages mostly read there, averaged where both exist. Each line compares the trend with its own past in that place; the lines do not compare places.

Regions

PlaceRead fromNow90 days1 year3 yearsThree years
North AmericaGoogle in 2 countries + Wikipedia in English123−36%+28%+97%
EuropeGoogle in 1 country + Wikipedia in German, French, Italian, Polish196+19%+155%+186%
Indo-PacificGoogle in 2 countries + Wikipedia in Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Indonesian125−12%+31%+58%
South AsiaGoogle in 1 country148−43%+98%+256%
Gulf and Middle EastWikipedia in Persian, Arabic104−23%+17%+5%
Latin America and CaribbeanWikipedia in Spanish, Portuguese128−20%+80%+38%
Russia and EurasiaWikipedia in Russian, Ukrainian106−12%−4%+19%

G20 members

PlaceRead fromNow90 days1 year3 yearsThree years
BrazilWikipedia in Portuguese143+7%+61%+67%
CanadaGoogle157−46%+172%+381%
FranceWikipedia in French123+10%+24%+38%
GermanyWikipedia in German101−6%+4%+4%
IndiaGoogle148−43%+98%+256%
IndonesiaGoogle + Wikipedia in Indonesian132+9%+14%+57%
ItalyWikipedia in Italian123+29%+22%+51%
JapanWikipedia in Japanese94−27%−4%−1%
South KoreaWikipedia in Korean135+18%+59%+22%
RussiaWikipedia in Russian102−15%−1%+13%
United KingdomGoogle278+24%+470%+516%
United StatesGoogle + Wikipedia in English120−37%+17%+87%

Relation to each scenario

A trend relates to a scenario when it changes how likely the scenario is, how hard it lands, or is itself sharply changed by it. Each score is the median of three scores given separately by the members of the model panel.

RelationScenarioFamily
5 · Very highCheap firm clean power becomes available at scale S15 ↗Energy, climate and resources
3 · ModerateA regional war closes a globally important sea route S03Geopolitical and security
2 · LowA verified Middle East settlement restores access S14 ↗Geopolitical and security
1 · Very lowA global funding seizure reaches sovereign balance sheets S02Economic and trade
0 · Not relatedCritical trade divides into rival blocs S01Economic and trade
0 · Not relatedHybrid coercion ends in an infrastructure blackout S04Geopolitical and security
0 · Not relatedA disputed transfer of power breaks effective government S05Geopolitical and security
0 · Not relatedTwo breadbasket failures trigger a food availability crisis S06Energy, climate and resources
0 · Not relatedA major disaster disables the national economic core S07Energy, climate and resources
0 · Not relatedAn AI deployment step causes abrupt labour displacement S08Technology and infrastructure
0 · Not relatedA cryptographic breakthrough invalidates digital trust S09Technology and infrastructure
0 · Not relatedA novel respiratory pathogen exceeds health surge capacity S10Health
0 · Not relatedA creditor agreement releases fiscal capacity S11 ↗Economic and trade
0 · Not relatedA cross-regional market access compact redirects investment S12 ↗Economic and trade
0 · Not relatedA great-power agreement lowers economic security barriers S13 ↗Geopolitical and security
0 · Not relatedA validated farming package raises water-efficient output S16 ↗Energy, climate and resources
0 · Not relatedAI-directed research produces a reproducible discovery step S17 ↗Technology and infrastructure
0 · Not relatedA public service platform reaches inclusive operation S18 ↗Technology and infrastructure
0 · Not relatedAffordable preventive treatments reduce chronic illness S19 ↗Health
0 · Not relatedA live outbreak proves rapid distributed pandemic defence S20 ↗Health

Similarity = 0.3 × shared tags (Jaccard) + 0.3 × likeness of scenario profiles (cosine) + 0.3 × likeness of names and descriptions (TF-IDF cosine) + 0.1 if in the same capability domain, cut into seven levels at 0.12, 0.22, 0.33, 0.45, 0.58, 0.72. Shown at Moderate and above.

SimilarityTrendThemeRank
3 · ModerateTax base erosion & coordinationMoney & debt41
3 · ModerateDollar dependence & payment fragmentationMoney & debt45
3 · ModerateSovereign wealth & state capitalTrade, industry & supply chains108
3 · ModerateEnergy import dependenceTrade, industry & supply chains141
3 · ModerateSustainable finance & environmental riskMoney & debt161